Commodity Management Reimagined Blog

Using Predictive Analytics to Manage Commodities in Extreme Weather

Written by Michael Schwartz | November 18, 2015 // 2:00 PM

Winter is coming! A phrase that holds much fear for consumers and producers of commodities, who worry about the possible return of the very real polar vortex and the market volatility it creates.

The polar vortex became part of the American vocabulary for the first time in winter 2014, as households along the Eastern seaboard and parts of the Midwest saw their communities battered by unprecedented storms and low temperatures. (Learn more in "How to Mitigate Extreme Weather Events in ETRM Software.")

The Age of Extreme Weather

We don’t yet know whether the polar vortex is about to make an unwelcome comeback – or whether a strong El Niño that is forming in the Pacific Ocean and which reports suggest could rival its 1997-1998 predecessor will be the big weather story of the season.

We do know, however, that extreme weather events are becoming more and more common. After four years of drought, farmers in California are desperate for rainfall. In the past year, the state’s record drought has led to a water deficit of 62 trillion gallons in western states. Meanwhile, across the Pacific, recorded temperatures in 34 locations in Australia hit an all-time high in the past 12 months.

According to the World Economic Forum, these are just some of the extreme weather events in the past year, with others including:

  • Devastating flooding in the UK, which was caused by the worst winter rainfall in the last 248 years
  • Severe flooding in Bosnia, which was caused by the country’s heaviest rainfall in 120 years
  • The largest tributary of the Amazon River reaching record levels and causing the worst flooding in the region for 100 years
  • The strongest typhoon to hit Southern China in 40 years
  • The worst snow storm in Tokyo in 45 years
 

Volatility is the New Constant

More significant is the fact that last year is not an outlier or a freak occurrence. What were previously regarded as once-in-a-lifetime events are increasingly becoming once-a-year events. Record-breaking hot days that were previously expected once every 20 years are now likely every other year. According to a special report from the 220 scientists on the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), extreme weather events have been increasing in length, frequency, and intensity in past decades – and are projected to continue that increase throughout the 21st century.

In other words, the only thing certain about the weather is that it is becoming more volatile. Against a background of fast-changing patterns in global demand and increasingly lengthy and complex supply chains, extreme weather is only adding to the volatility. For example:

  • Between 2010 and 2012, weather extremes resulted in excessive rainfall and flooding as well as severe drought, which caused major agricultural commodity production — including wheat, corn, cotton, and sorghum — to swing between 10 and 80 percent.
  • In July 2012, the prices of internationally traded maize and soybeans reached an all-time high — according to the World Bank — following an unprecedented summer of high temperatures and low rainfall in the US and Eastern Europe. At the same time, wheat prices soared to the peak levels of 2011.
  • Since then, things have reversed. World Bank figures show international wheat prices dropping 18 percent between August 2014 and May 2015 to finish 36 percent below May 2014 levels. The international price of maize also fell six percent, following price swings throughout the second half of 2014. Prices of maize were 23 percent lower in May 2015 than in May 2014.

There is a long-term impact to these kinds of events. In its 2012 paper, "Extreme Weather, Extreme Prices," international NGO, OXFAM, modeled the impact of extreme weather such as droughts, floods, and heat waves on the prices of key international staple crops. Its research shows that extreme weather events in a single year could bring about price spikes of comparable magnitude to two decades of long-run price rises.

Of course, the latest figures also have to be considered against a backdrop of falling oil prices, currency fluctuations, and tensions in Ukraine and Russia — which only add to the complexity and volatility involved. Nonetheless, with extreme weather volatility becoming a way of life, commodities companies face huge risks, which increase proportionately to the complexity of the market. Sudden spikes in prices impair forecasts and have a negative impact on the bottom line. And without the right information made available at the right time, the ability to operate profitably is a matter of luck rather than judgment.

Survival Through Data Analytics

Commodities companies need access to large data-sets to inform their decisions. But that access must be in real-time, and the data being accessed must be relevant. Without the appropriate tools in place, that’s an impossible task. As in every other industry sector, the promise of Big Data and the insight that it can deliver can only be realized with significant analytics capabilities to turn raw numbers into actionable information. Without it, the data is just too big and too impenetrable to support optimal decision-making.

The need for advanced analytics is being addressed by Eka's Commodity Analytics Cloud which addresses the problems of today’s international commodity markets. Driving the evolution in commodity management, Eka's solution offers more predictive as well as traditional slicing and dicing of historical data. Commodity Analytics Cloud provides user-controlled analysis to help manage volatility at each stage of the supply chain.

By bringing predictive analytics to the business of commodities, Commodity Analytics Cloud is tapping into a much broader trend. Research from MIT has shown that two thirds of companies report competitive advantage from the use of analytics. Management consultants, Accenture, have also issued research that shows greater use of analytics helps firms to cope with the inexorable acceleration in the pace of change, and that any company that hopes to surpass its competitors in the race to keep up with change needs analytics on its side.

Commodity Analytics Cloud offers:

  • Built-in commodity-specific intelligence, which enables companies to get answers to the questions most important to them
  • Data eco-systems that are built for Big Data and which can process large sets of data quickly
  • The ability to create custom analytics without help from IT teams
  • Availability through both on-premise and in-cloud systems, as well as desktop and mobile devices

Importantly, Commodity Analytics Cloud incorporates a significant amount of information from external as well as internal systems – including meteorological and weather data. By simulating, visualizing, and helping to optimize any number of potential scenarios based on accurate information, companies in the commodities markets can make much better decisions in even the stormiest of conditions. Whatever the winter brings, Commodity Analytics Cloud is the equivalent of a snow plow, a generator, and a stockpile of fuel – the only way to ensure your survival.